在澳大利亚、新西兰和国际上有广泛的指南可供选择，以帮助超声用户确定超声探头所需的相应消毒水平。
对于所有接触黏膜或破损皮肤的超声探头，指南建议均采用经证明具有杀菌、杀病毒、杀真菌和杀分枝杆菌功效的高水平消毒 (HLD)。
表 1. 澳大利亚和新西兰关于超声探头再处理的国家标准和指南。此外，还列出了涉及 HLD 和超声探头再处理的国际指南。
|
发布组织 |
指南/标准名称 |
年份 |
|---|---|---|
|
澳大利亚和新西兰 |
||
|
Australasian College for Infection Prevention and Control/Australasian Society for Ultrasound in Medicine |
Guidelines for Reprocessing Ultrasound Transducers |
2017 |
|
College of Intensive Care Medicine of Australia and New Zealand (CICM) |
Prevention of pathogen transmission during ultrasound use in the Intensive Care Unit: Recommendations from the College of Intensive Care Medicine Ultrasound Special Interest Group (USIG). |
2020 |
|
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) |
Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare. |
2019 |
|
Standards Australia (AS), Standards New Zealand (NZS) |
AS 5369:2023 Reprocessing of reusable medical devices and other devices in health and non-health related facilities |
2023 |
|
英国和爱尔兰 |
||
|
British Medical Ultrasound Society & Society & College of Radiographers |
Guidelines For Professional Ultrasound Practice |
2018 |
|
Health Facilities Scotland/Health Protection Scotland |
NHSScotland Guidance for Decontamination of Semi-Critical Ultrasound Probes; Semi-invasive and Non-invasive Ultrasound Probes |
2017 |
|
Health Service Executive Ireland |
HSE Guidance for Decontamination of Semi-critical Ultrasound Probes; Semi‐invasive and Non‐invasive Ultrasound Probes |
2016 |
|
欧洲 |
||
|
European Society of Radiology |
Infection prevention and control in ultrasound - best practice recommendations from the European Society of Radiology Ultrasound Working Group |
2017 |
|
European Society of Radiology |
Position statement and best practice recommendations on the imaging use of ultrasound from the European Society of Radiology Ultrasound Subcommittee |
2020 |
|
European Committee for Medical Ultrasound Safety |
Best Practice recommendations for cleaning and disinfection of ultrasound transducers whilst maintaining transducer integrity |
2017 |
|
Svensk Förening för Obstetrik och Gynekologi (Sweden) |
SFOG råd angående transducerskydd och desinfektion av ultraljudsprober vid all gynekologisk och obstetrisk ultraljudsundersökning inom öppen och slutenvård |
2019 |
|
Hoge Gezondheidsraad / Conseil Supérieur de la Santé (Belgium) |
Aanbevelingen inzake de infectiepreventie en het beheer van warmtegevoelige endocavitaire endoscpen en medische hulpmiddelen |
2019 |
|
Ministère des Solidarités et de la Santé (France) |
Proposition technique du groupe de travail national. Prevention du risque infectieux associe aux actes d'echographie endocavitaire: 28 |
2019 |
|
Werkgroep Infectie Preventie (Netherlands) |
Reiniging, desinfectie en sterilisatie van medische hulpmiddelen voor hergebruik niet-kritisch, semi-kritisch of kritisch gebruik: 56 |
2017 |
|
Stuurgroep Flexibele Endoscopen Reiniging en Desinfectie (Netherlands) |
Kwaliteitshandboek Reiniging en Desinfectie Flexibele Endoscopen: 118 |
2016 |
|
Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention (Germany) |
Anforderungen an die Hygiene bei der Aufbereitung von Medizinprodukten. Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz: 66 |
2012 |
|
Direzione Sanitaria AUSL Pescara (Italy) |
Linee Guida per la “Corretta gestione di Procedure Assistenziali e Igienico-Sanitarie in Setting di Cura Ospedalieri e Territoriali”: 88 |
2009 |
|
美国 |
||
|
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
|
Guideline for Disinfection and Sterilisation in Healthcare Facilities |
2008 |
|
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |
Marketing Clearance of Diagnostic Ultrasound Systems and Transducers |
2019 |
|
American National Standards Institute (ANSI), Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) |
ST58:2013 Chemical sterilisation and high-level disinfection in health care facilities |
2013 |
|
ECRI Institute |
Cleaning and Disinfecting Diagnostic Ultrasound Transducers: Our Recommendations |
2018 |
|
Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography (SDMS) |
Guidelines for infection prevention and control in sonography: reprocessing the ultrasound transducer |
2020 |
|
American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) |
Guidelines for Cleaning and Preparing External- and Internal-Use Ultrasound Transducers and Equipment Between Patients as well as Safe Handling and Use of Ultrasound Coupling Gel |
2020 |
|
加拿大 |
||
|
CSA Group |
CAN/CSA-Z314-18 Canadian medical device reprocessing |
2018 |
|
全球 |
||
|
World Federation for Hospital Sterilisation Sciences |
Guideline for Reusable Medical Devices |
2019 |
|
World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology |
Guidelines for Cleaning Transvaginal Ultrasound Transducers Between Patients |
2017 |
